business user — any natural or legal person acting in a commercial or professional capacity using core platform services for the purpose of or in the course of providing goods or services to end users Article 2 — Definitions

cloud computing service — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

consent — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

control — the possibility of exercising decisive influence on an undertaking, within the meaning of Article 3(2) of Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 Article 2 — Definitions

core platform service — any of the following: (a) online intermediation services; (b) online search engines; (c) online social networking services; (d) video-sharing platform services; (e) number-independent interpersonal communications services; (f) operating systems; (g) web browsers; (h) virtual assistants; (i) cloud computing services; (j) online advertising services, including any advertising networks, advertising exchanges and any other advertising intermediation services, provided by an undertaking that provides any of the core platform services listed in points (a) to (i) Article 2 — Definitions

data — any digital representation of acts, facts or information and any compilation of such acts, facts or information, including in the form of sound, visual or audiovisual recording Article 2 — Definitions

digital sector — the sector of products and services provided by means of, or through, information society services Article 2 — Definitions

end user — any natural or legal person using core platform services other than as a business user Article 2 — Definitions

gatekeeper — an undertaking providing core platform services, designated pursuant to Article 3 Article 2 — Definitions

identification service — a type of service provided together with or in support of core platform services that enables any type of verification of the identity of end users or business users, regardless of the technology used Article 2 — Definitions

information society service — any service as defined in Article 1(1), point (b), of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 Article 2 — Definitions

interoperability — the ability to exchange information and mutually use the information which has been exchanged through interfaces or other solutions, so that all elements of hardware or software work with other hardware and software and with users in all the ways in which they are intended to function Article 2 — Definitions

national court — a court or tribunal of a Member State within the meaning of Article 267 TFEU Article 2 — Definitions

non-personal data — data other than personal data Article 2 — Definitions

number-independent interpersonal communications service — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

online intermediation services — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

online search engine — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

online social networking service — a platform that enables end users to connect and communicate with each other, share content and discover other users and content across multiple devices and, in particular, via chats, posts, videos and recommendations Article 2 — Definitions

operating system — a system software that controls the basic functions of the hardware or software and enables software applications to run on it Article 2 — Definitions

payment service — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

payment system for in-app purchases — a software application, service or user interface which facilitates purchases of digital content or digital services within a software application, including content, subscriptions, features or functionality, and the payments for such purchases Article 2 — Definitions

personal data — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

profiling — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

ranking — the relative prominence given to goods or services offered through online intermediation services, online social networking services, video-sharing platform services or virtual assistants, or the relevance given to search results by online search engines, as presented, organised or communicated by the undertakings providing online intermediation services, online social networking services, video-sharing platform services, virtual assistants or online search engines, irrespective of the technological means used for such presentation, organisation or communication and irrespective of whether only one result is presented or communicated Article 2 — Definitions

search results — any information in any format, including textual, graphic, vocal or other outputs, returned in response to, and related to, a search query, irrespective of whether the information returned is a paid or an unpaid result, a direct answer or any product, service or information offered in connection with the organic results, or displayed along with or partly or entirely embedded in them Article 2 — Definitions

software application — any digital product or service that runs on an operating system Article 2 — Definitions

software application stores — a type of online intermediation services, which is focused on software applications as the intermediated product or service Article 2 — Definitions

technical service supporting payment service — a service within the meaning of Article 3, point (j), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 Article 2 — Definitions

turnover — the amount derived by an undertaking within the meaning of Article 5(1) of Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 Article 2 — Definitions

undertaking — an entity engaged in an economic activity, regardless of its legal status and the way in which it is financed, including all linked enterprises or connected undertakings that form a group through the direct or indirect control of an enterprise or undertaking by another Article 2 — Definitions

video-sharing platform service — borrowed from another act; this instrument states no meaning of its own Article 2 — Definitions

virtual assistant — a software that can process demands, tasks or questions, including those based on audio, visual, written input, gestures or motions, and that, based on those demands, tasks or questions, provides access to other services or controls connected physical devices Article 2 — Definitions

web browser — a software application that enables end users to access and interact with web content hosted on servers that are connected to networks such as the Internet, including standalone web browsers as well as web browsers integrated or embedded in software or similar Article 2 — Definitions