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The incidents listed below are typical examples of serious incidents. The list is not exhaustive and only serves as a guide to the definition of ‘serious incident’. A near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre or when an avoiding manoeuvre would have been appropriate to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation. Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) only marginally avoided. An aborted take-off on a closed or engaged runway, or a take-off from such runway with marginal separation from obstacle(s). A landing or attempted landing on a closed or engaged runway. Gross failure to achieve predicted performance during take-off or initial climb. All fires and smoke in the passenger compartment or in cargo compartments, or engine fires, even though such fires are extinguished with extinguishing agents. Any events which required the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew. Aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration which is not classified as an accident. Multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems that seriously affect the operation of the aircraft. Any case of flight crew incapacitation in flight. Any fuel state which would require the declaration of an emergency by the pilot. Take-off or landing incidents, such as undershooting, overrunning or running off the side of runways. System failures, weather phenomena, operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft. Failure of more than one system in a redundancy system which is mandatory for flight guidance and navigation.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-11-10 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.