rec_5
(5) The second condition for exemption under Article 81(3) is that consumers must be compensated for the negative effects resulting from the restriction of competition. In the case of hard core restrictions, such as horizontal price fixing which occur when the conference tariff is set and charges and surcharges are jointly fixed, the negative effects are very serious. However no clearly positive effects have been identified. Transport users consider that conferences operate for the benefit of the least efficient members and call for their abolishment. Conferences no longer fulfil the second condition of Article 81(3).
← rec_4 · All articles · rec_6 →
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-22 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.