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| Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide | Benzene | Particulate matter (PM10/PM2,5) and lead | Ozone and related NO and NO2 Fixed measurements (1) | | | | Uncertainty | 15 % | 25 % | 25 % | 15 % Minimum data capture | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % during summer 75 % during winter Minimum time coverage: | | | | — urban background and traffic | — | 35 % (2) | — | — — industrial sites | — | 90 % | — | — Indicative measurements | | | | Uncertainty | 25 % | 30 % | 50 % | 30 % Minimum data capture | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % Minimum time coverage | 14 % (4) | 14 % (3) | 14 % (4) | > 10 % during summer Modelling uncertainty: | | | | Hourly | 50 % | — | — | 50 % Eight-hour averages | 50 % | — | — | 50 % Daily averages | 50 % | — | not yet defined | — Annual averages | 30 % | 50 % | 50 % | — Objective estimation | | | | Uncertainty | 75 % | 100 % | 100 % | 75 % (1) Member States may apply random measurements instead of continuous measurements for benzene, lead and particulate matter if they can demonstrate to the Commission that the uncertainty, including the uncertainty due to random sampling, meets the quality objective of 25 % and the time coverage is still larger than the minimum time coverage for indicative measurements. Random sampling must be evenly distributed over the year in order to avoid skewing of results. The uncertainty due to random sampling may be determined by the procedure laid down in ISO 11222 (2002) ‘Air Quality — Determination of the Uncertainty of the Time Average of Air Quality Measurements’. If random measurements are used to assess the requirements of the PM10 limit value, the 90,4 percentile (to be lower than or equal to 50 μg/m3) should be evaluated instead of the number of exceedances, which is highly influenced by data coverage. (2) Distributed over the year to be representative of various conditions for climate and traffic. (3) One day's measurement a week at random, evenly distributed over the year, or eight weeks evenly distributed over the year. (4) One measurement a week at random, evenly distributed over the year, or eight weeks evenly distributed over the year.

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Source: EUR-Lex CELLAR · retrieved 2026-08-09 · Text as consolidated on 2015-09-18; changes after this date are not shown.