anx_B__cpt_4__cpt_1__table_1

Energy product Definition 1. Crude oil Crude oil is a mineral oil of natural origin comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and associated impurities, such as sulphur. It exists in the liquid phase under normal surface temperature and pressure and its physical characteristics (density, viscosity, etc.) are highly variable. This category includes field or lease condensate recovered from associated and non-associated gas where it is commingled with the commercial crude oil stream. 2. NGL NGL are liquid or liquefied hydrocarbons recovered from natural gas in separation facilities or gas processing plants. Natural gas liquids include ethane, propane, butane (normal and iso-), (iso) pentane and pentanes plus (sometimes referred to as natural gasoline or plant condensate). 3. Refinery feedstocks A refinery feedstock is a processed oil destined for further processing (e.g. straight run fuel oil or vacuum gas oil) excluding blending. With further processing, it will be transformed into one or more components and/or finished products. This definition also covers returns from the petrochemical industry to the refining industry (e.g. pyrolysis gasoline, C4 fractions, gasoil and fuel oil fractions). 4. Additives/oxygenates Additives are non-hydrocarbon compounds added to or blended with a product to modify fuel properties (octane, cetane, cold properties, etc.): oxygenates, such as alcohols (methanol, ethanol), ethers (such as MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), ETBE (ethyl tertiary butyl ether), TAME (tertiary amyl methyl ether)), esters (e.g. rapeseed or dimethylester, etc.), chemical compounds (such as TML, TEL and detergents). Note: quantities of additives/oxygenates (alcohols, ethers, esters and other chemical compounds) reported in this category should relate to the quantities destined for blending with fuels or for fuel use. 4.1. Of which: biofuels Biogasoline and bio-diesels. The definitions of Chapter 5, Renewable energy and energy from waste, apply. Quantities of liquid biofuels reported in this category relate to the biofuel and not to the total volume of liquids into which the biofuels are blended. Excludes all trade of biofuels which have not been blended with transport fuels (i.e. in their pure form); these should be reported as per Chapter 5. The biofuels traded as part of transport fuels should be reported in the appropriate product indicating the biofuel portion. 5. Other hydrocarbons Synthetic crude oil from tar sands, shale oil, etc., liquids from coal liquefaction (see Chapter 1), output of liquids from natural gas conversion into gasoline (see Chapter 2), hydrogen and emulsified oils (e.g. orimulsion). Excludes oil shale production, for which Chapter 1 applies. The production of shale oil (secondary product) is to be reported as ‘from other sources’ in the ‘other hydrocarbons category’. 6. Refinery gas (not liquefied) Refinery gas includes a mixture of non-condensible gases mainly consisting of hydrogen, methane, ethane and olefins obtained during distillation of crude oil or treatment of oil products (e.g. cracking) in refineries. This also includes gases which are returned from the petrochemical industry. 7. Ethane A naturally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon (C_(2)H_(6)) extracted from natural gas and refinery gas streams. 8. LPG LPG are light paraffinic hydrocarbons derived from the refinery processes, crude oil stabilisation and natural gas processing plants. They consist mainly of propane (C_(3)H_(8)) and butane (C_(4)H_(l0)) or a combination of the two. They could also include propylene, butylene, isopropylene and isobutylene. LPG are normally liquefied under pressure for transportation and storage. 9. Naphtha Naphtha is a feedstock destined for either the petrochemical industry (e.g. ethylene manufacture or aromatics production) or for gasoline production by reforming or isomerisation within the refinery. Naphtha comprises material in the 30 ^(o)C and 210 ^(o)C distillation range or part of this range. 10. Motor gasoline Motor gasoline consists of a mixture of light hydrocarbons distilling between 35 ^(o)C and 215 ^(o)C. It is used as a fuel for land based spark ignition engines. Motor gasoline may include additives, oxygenates and octane enhancers, including lead compounds such as TEL and TML. Includes motor gasoline blending components (excluding additives/oxygenates), e.g. alkylates, isomerate, reformate, cracked gasoline destined for use as finished motor gasoline. 10.1. Of which: biogasoline The definitions of Chapter 5, Renewable energy and energy from waste, apply. 11. Aviation gasoline Motor spirit prepared especially for aviation piston engines, with an octane number suited to the engine, a freezing point of - 60 ^(o)C and a distillation range usually within the limits of 30 ^(o)C and 180 ^(o)C. 12. Gasoline type jet fuel (naphtha type jet fuel or JP4) This includes all light hydrocarbon oils for use in aviation turbine power units, distilling between 100 ^(o)C and 250 ^(o)C. They are obtained by blending kerosenes and gasoline or naphthas in such a way that the aromatic content does not exceed 25 % in volume, and the vapour pressure is between 13,7 kPa and 20,6 kPa. 13. Kerosene type jet fuel Distillate used for aviation turbine power units. It has the same distillation characteristics between 150 ^(o)C and 300 ^(o)C (generally not above 250 ^(o)C) and flash point as kerosene. In addition, it has particular specifications (such as freezing point) which are established by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Includes kerosene blending components. 14. Other kerosene Refined petroleum distillate used in sectors other than aircraft transport. It distils between 150 ^(o)C and 300 ^(o)C. 15. Gas/diesel oil (distillate fuel oil) Gas/diesel oil is primarily a medium distillate distilling between 180 ^(o)C and 380 ^(o)C. Includes blending components. Several grades are available depending on uses. 15.1. Of which: transport diesel On-road diesel oil for diesel compression ignition (cars, trucks, etc.), usually of low sulphur content. 15.1.1. From 15.1, of which: bio-diesels The definitions of Chapter 5, Renewable energy and energy from waste, apply. 15.2 Of which: heating and other gasoil Light heating oil for industrial and commercial uses, marine diesel and diesel used in rail traffic, other gas oil, including heavy gas oils which distil between 380 ^(o)C and 540 ^(o)C and which are used as petrochemical feedstocks. 16. Fuel oil All residual (heavy) fuel oils (including those obtained by blending). Kinematic viscosity is above 10 cSt at 80 ^(o)C. The flash point is always above 50 ^(o)C and density is always more than 0,90 kg/l. 16.1. Of which: low sulphur content Heavy fuel oil with sulphur content lower than 1 %. 16.2. Of which: high sulphur content Heavy fuel oil with sulphur content of 1 % or higher. 17. White spirit and SBP Refined distillate intermediates with a distillation in the naphtha/kerosene range. They are subdivided as: Industrial spirit (SBP): light oils distilling between 30 ^(o)C and 200 ^(o)C. There are 7 or 8 grades of industrial spirit, depending on the position of the cut in the distillation range. The grades are defined according to the temperature difference between the 5 % volume and 90 % volume distillation points (which is not more than 60 ^(o)C). White spirit: industrial spirit with a flash point above 30 ^(o)C. The distillation range of white spirit is 135 ^(o)C to 200 ^(o)C. 18. Lubricants Hydrocarbons produced from distillate by-product; they are mainly used to reduce friction between bearing surfaces. Includes all finished grades of lubricating oil, from spindle oil to cylinder oil, and those used in greases, motor oils and all grades of lubricating oil base stocks. 19. Bitumen Solid, semi-solid or viscous hydrocarbon with a colloidal structure, being brown to black in colour, obtained as a residue in the distillation of crude oil, by vacuum distillation of oil residues from atmospheric distillation. Bitumen is often referred to as asphalt and is primarily used for construction of roads and for roofing material. Includes fluidised and cut back bitumen. 20. Paraffin waxes These are saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. These waxes are residues extracted when dewaxing lubricant oils. They have a crystalline structure which is more-or-less fine according to the grade. Their main characteristics are as follows: they are colourless, odourless and translucent, with a melting point above 45 ^(o)C. 21. Petroleum coke Black solid by-product, obtained mainly by cracking and carbonising petroleum derived feedstock, vacuum bottoms, tar and pitches in processes such as delayed coking or fluid coking. It consists mainly of carbon (90 to 95 %) and has a low ash content. It is used as a feedstock in coke ovens for the steel industry, for heating purposes, for electrode manufacture and for production of chemicals. The two most important qualities are ‘green coke’ and ‘calcinated coke’. Includes ‘catalyst coke’ deposited on the catalyst during refining processes; this coke is not recoverable and is usually burned as refinery fuel. 22. Other products All products not specifically mentioned above, for example: tar and sulphur. Includes aromatics (e.g. BTX or benzene, toluene and xylene) and olefins (e.g. propylene) produced within refineries.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-31 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.