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Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (Text with EEA relevance) · European Union

Biofuel and bioliquid production pathway Typical greenhouse gas emissions (gCO_(2eq)/MJ) Default greenhouse gas emissions (gCO_(2eq)/MJ) sugar beet ethanol 19 26 wheat ethanol (process fuel not specified) 32 45 wheat ethanol (lignite as process fuel in CHP plant) 32 45 wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in conventional boiler) 21 30 wheat ethanol (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) 14 19 wheat ethanol (straw as process fuel in CHP plant) 1 1 corn (maize) ethanol, Community produced (natural gas as process fuel in CHP plant) 15 21 sugar cane ethanol 1 1 the part from renewable sources of ETBE Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used the part from renewable sources of TAEE Equal to that of the ethanol production pathway used rape seed biodiesel 16 22 sunflower biodiesel 16 22 soybean biodiesel 18 26 palm oil biodiesel (process not specified) 35 49 palm oil biodiesel (process with methane capture at oil mill) 13 18 waste vegetable or animal oil biodiesel 9 13 hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape seed 10 13 hydrotreated vegetable oil from sunflower 10 13 hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process not specified) 30 42 hydrotreated vegetable oil from palm oil (process with methane capture at oil mill) 7 9 pure vegetable oil from rape seed 4 5 biogas from municipal organic waste as compressed natural gas 14 20 biogas from wet manure as compressed natural gas 8 11 biogas from dry manure as compressed natural gas 8 11

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-28 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.