rec_22

Directive 2009/33/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles (Text with EEA relevance) · European Union

(22) The ExternE Study Bickel, P., Friedrich, R., ExternE. Externalities of Energy. Methodology 2005, update, European Commission, Publications Office, Luxembourg, 2005. , the Commission Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) Holland, M., et al., (2005a). Methodology for the Cost-Benefit Analysis for CAFE: Volume 1: Overview of Methodology. AEA Technology Environment, Didcot, 2005. Programme and the HEATCO Study Bickel, P., et al., HEATCO Deliverable 5. Proposal for Harmonised Guidelines, Stuttgart, 2006. have provided information on the costs of CO_(2), oxides of nitrogen (NO_(x)), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and particulate matter emissions. Costs are taken at present value to keep the award procedure simple.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-11-06 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.