Article 9

The following minimum conditions shall apply: at least three legal entities shall participate in an action; three legal entities shall each be established in a different Member State or associated country; and the three legal entities referred to in point (b) shall be independent of each other within the meaning of Article 8. For the purposes of paragraph 1, where one of the participants is the JRC, or an international European interest organisation or an entity created under Union law, it shall be deemed to be established in a Member State or associated country other than any Member State or associated country in which another participant in the same action is established. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, the minimum condition shall be the participation of one legal entity established in a Member State or associated country, in the case of: European Research Council (ERC) frontier research actions; the SME instrument, where the action has a clear European added value; programme co-fund actions; and justified cases provided for in the work programme or work plan. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, in the case of coordination and support actions and training and mobility actions, the minimum condition shall be the participation of one legal entity. Where appropriate and duly justified, work programmes or work plans may provide for additional conditions according to specific policy requirements or to the nature and objectives of the action, including inter alia conditions regarding the number of participants, the type of participant and the place of establishment.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-11-04 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.