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Article 4 › 3

For the purposes of this Article, ‘special or exclusive rights’ means rights granted by a competent authority of a Member State by way of any legislative, regulatory or administrative provision the effect of which is to limit the exercise of activities defined in Articles 8 to 14 to one or more entities, and which substantially affects the ability of other entities to carry out such activity.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as consolidated on 2026-01-01; changes after this date are not shown.