(a)
where judicial proceedings have already been initiated in respect of the same actions and against the same persons before the authorities of the Member State of the competent authority receiving the request; or
← art_17__para_2__text_1 · All articles · art_17__para_2__point_a__text_1 →
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-12 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.