4.

The aFRP shall be operated in a closed-loop manner where the FRCE is an input and the setpoint for automatic FRR activation is an output. The setpoint for automatic FRR activation shall be calculated by a single frequency restoration controller operated by a TSO within its LFC area. For the CE and Nordic synchronous areas, the frequency restoration controller shall: be an automatic control device designed to reduce the FRCE to zero; have proportional-integral behaviour; have a control algorithm which prevents the integral term of a proportional-integral controller from accumulating the control error and overshooting; and have functionalities for extraordinary operational modes for the alert and emergency states.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-11-04 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.