(d)

Greenhouse gas emissions from the use of biomass fuels in producing electricity, heating and cooling, including the energy conversion to electricity and/or heat or cooling produced, shall be calculated as follows: For energy installations delivering only heat: EC_(h)Eη_(h) For energy installations delivering only electricity: EC_(el)Eη_(el) where EC_(h,el)= Total greenhouse gas emissions from the final energy commodity. E= Total greenhouse gas emissions of the fuel before end-conversion. η_(el)= The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual fuel input, based on its energy content. η_(h)= The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual fuel input, based on its energy content. For the electricity or mechanical energy coming from energy installations delivering useful heat together with electricity and/or mechanical energy: EC_(el)Eη_(el)(C_(el)η_(el)C_(el)η_(el)C_(h)η_(h)) For the useful heat coming from energy installations delivering heat together with electricity and/or mechanical energy: EC_(h)Eη_(h)(C_(h)η_(h)C_(el)η_(el)C_(h)η_(h)) where: EC_(h,el)= Total greenhouse gas emissions from the final energy commodity. E= Total greenhouse gas emissions of the fuel before end-conversion. η_(el)= The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content. η_(h)= The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content. C_(el)= Fraction of exergy in the electricity, and/or mechanical energy, set to 100 % (C_(el) = 1). C_(h)= Carnot efficiency (fraction of exergy in the useful heat). The Carnot efficiency, C_(h), for useful heat at different temperatures is defined as: C_(h)T_(h)T_(0)T_(h) where: T_(h)= Temperature, measured in absolute temperature (kelvin) of the useful heat at point of delivery. T_(0)= Temperature of surroundings, set at 273,15 kelvin (equal to 0 °C). If the excess heat is exported for heating of buildings, at a temperature below 150 °C (423,15 kelvin), C_(h) can alternatively be defined as follows: C_(h)= Carnot efficiency in heat at 150 °C (423,15 kelvin), which is: 0,3546 For the purposes of that calculation, the following definitions apply: ‘cogeneration’ shall mean the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electricity and/or mechanical energy; ‘useful heat’ shall mean heat generated to satisfy an economical justifiable demand for heat, for heating or cooling purposes; ‘economically justifiable demand’ shall mean the demand that does not exceed the needs for heat or cooling and which would otherwise be satisfied at market conditions.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-28 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.