(iv)

For the useful heat coming from energy installations delivering heat together with electricity and/or mechanical energy: EC_(h)Eη_(h)(C_(h)η_(h)C_(el)η_(el)C_(h)η_(h)) where: EC_(h,el)= Total greenhouse gas emissions from the final energy commodity. E= Total greenhouse gas emissions of the fuel before end-conversion. η_(el)= The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content. η_(h)= The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content. C_(el)= Fraction of exergy in the electricity, and/or mechanical energy, set to 100 % (C_(el) = 1). C_(h)= Carnot efficiency (fraction of exergy in the useful heat). The Carnot efficiency, C_(h), for useful heat at different temperatures is defined as: C_(h)T_(h)T_(0)T_(h) where: T_(h)= Temperature, measured in absolute temperature (kelvin) of the useful heat at point of delivery. T_(0)= Temperature of surroundings, set at 273,15 kelvin (equal to 0 °C). If the excess heat is exported for heating of buildings, at a temperature below 150 °C (423,15 kelvin), C_(h) can alternatively be defined as follows: C_(h)= Carnot efficiency in heat at 150 °C (423,15 kelvin), which is: 0,3546 For the purposes of that calculation, the following definitions apply: ‘cogeneration’ shall mean the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electricity and/or mechanical energy; ‘useful heat’ shall mean heat generated to satisfy an economical justifiable demand for heat, for heating or cooling purposes; ‘economically justifiable demand’ shall mean the demand that does not exceed the needs for heat or cooling and which would otherwise be satisfied at market conditions.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-28 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.