(b)
where judicial proceedings have already been initiated in respect of the same actions and against the same natural or legal persons before the authorities of the Member State addressed;
← art_31__para_2__point_a__text_1 · All articles · art_31__para_2__point_b__text_1 →
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-12 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.