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X.A.VIII.018 | Oil and gas exploration equipment, software, and data, as follows (see List of Items Controlled): a. Not used. b. Hydraulic fracturing items, as follows: 1. Hydraulic fracturing design and analysis software and data; 2. Hydraulic fracturing ‘proppant’, ‘fracking fluid’, and chemical additives therefor; or 3. High pressure pumps. Technical Note: A ‘proppant’ is a solid material, typically treated sand or man-made ceramic materials, designed to keep an induced hydraulic fracture open, during or following a fracturing treatment. It is added to a ‘fracking fluid’ which may vary in composition depending on the type of fracturing used, and can be gel, foam or slickwater-based.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-18 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.