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| (111) | When applying comparator-based methods for the estimation of overcharges, courts have also sometimes applied a so-called safety discount. This means they adjusted an amount that would sufficiently take account of uncertainties in the estimate from the observed data (96). If the implementation of econometric analysis is not feasible, such an approach may also be applied for the estimation of passing-on. The objective of such an approach would be to exclude the effects of other possible factors on the variable under consideration, for instance the price offered by the indirect customer.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.