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COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION Guidelines for national courts on how to estimate the share of overcharge which was passed on to the indirect purchaser · European Union
| (136) | The volume effect corresponds to the difference between q 1 and q 2. Area C represents the lost profit stemming from the loss in sales. It can be quantified by multiplying the lost volume with the profit margin (p1-c1) that the purchaser would have achieved in the absence of the infringement without any passing-on.
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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.