ntr70-C_2019267EN.01000401-E0070
(70) For instance, courts in France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom to a large extent deal directly with economic experts appointed by the parties. In other Member States, such as Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary and Italy, courts have in many cases sought to seek advice from court-appointed experts. There are also variations in national legislation with regard to whom the expert owes a duty. In some Member States, such as the United Kingdom and Ireland, the expert owes a duty to the court, even if their fees are paid by the parties. In Spain, experts appointed by the parties have a duty of objectiveness and independence, while in some Member States, such as Germany and Italy, there is no such explicit requirement.
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.