§9 ANNEX 2 — GLOSSARY
(193) This annex gives an overview of economic terms used throughout the guidelines. — Curvature of the demand: The change of the elasticity of demand as the price level changes. — Demand: The quantity of a good or service that purchasers on a market would buy at a given price level. — Demand curve: An illustration of the relationship between the quantity demanded and the price of a product. — Econometric technique: Also referred to as regression analysis, this technique is statistical in its nature and helps to analyse patterns in the relationship between economic variables, for instance how the development of costs affects the development of prices in a given market. — Elasticity of demand: Percentage change in quantity demanded in response to a one percent price increase. — Firm-specific overcharge: Only one single purchaser is impacted by the overcharge. — Fixed costs: Costs that do not vary with the quantity of output produced. — Industry-wide overcharge: All purchasers at a given level of the supply chain are impacted by the overcharge. — Marginal costs: The increase in total costs that arises from an extra unit of production. — Regression analysis: See econometric technique. — Slope of the demand: Ratio of a change in quantity to the change in prices between two points of the demand curve chosen arbitrarily close to one another. — Variable costs: Costs that vary with the quantity of output produced.
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-07