d1e529-4-1__para__11
COMMISSION NOTICE Guidance on the interpretation and application of Council Directive 93/13/EEC on unfair terms in consumer contracts · European Union
While preliminary rulings are addressed to the referring court and to national courts at large, which are obliged to apply them directly, they concern all national authorities dealing with unfair contract terms, including administrative authorities enforcing the UCTD and ministries responsible for proposing legislation. It is for the Member States to examine to what extent their rules and practices comply with the UCTD as interpreted by the Court and, where relevant, how compliance can be improved in order to protect consumers effectively against unfair contract terms.
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.