ntr146-C_2021526EN.01000101-E0146

COMMISSION NOTICE – Guidance on the interpretation and application of Directive 2005/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market · European Union

(146) European Commission, Study on consumer vulnerability in key markets across the European Union (EACH/2013/CP/08), http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/consumer_evidence/market_studies/vulnerability/index_en.htm. The study defined the ‘vulnerable consumer’ as a consumer, who, as a result of socio-demographic characteristics, behavioural characteristics, personal situation or market environment is at higher risk of experiencing negative outcomes in the market, has limited ability to maximise his/her well-being, has difficulty in obtaining or assimilating information, is less able to buy, choose or access suitable products, or is more susceptible to certain marketing practices.

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.