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| 12. | First, in line with the case law of the Court of Justice and the General Court of the European Union (‘the Union Courts’) and the Commission’s case practice, the relevant market within which the Commission appraises competition dynamics typically comprises a product and a geographic dimension (24). (a) The relevant product market comprises all those products that customers regard as interchangeable or substitutable to the product(s) of the undertaking(s) involved, based on the products’ characteristics, their prices and their intended use, taking into consideration the conditions of competition and the structure of supply and demand on the market (25). (b) The relevant geographic market comprises the geographic area in which the undertakings involved supply or demand relevant products, in which the conditions of competition are sufficiently homogeneous for the effects of the conduct or concentration under investigation to be able to be assessed, and which can be distinguished from other geographic areas, in particular because conditions of competition are appreciably different in those areas (26).

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Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-07 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.