ntr142-C_202401645EN.000101-E0142
(142) In its judgment of 14 September 2022, Google and Alphabet v Commission, T-604/18, EU:T:2022:541 the General Court stated in paragraph 116: ‘ in a digital “ecosystem” […] the products or services which form part of the relevant markets that make up that ecosystem may overlap or be connected to each other on the basis of their horizontal or vertical complementarity. Taken together, the relevant markets may also have a global dimension in the light of the system that brings its components together and of any competitive constraints within that system or from other systems.’ An example of a digital ecosystem would be an ecosystem of products built around a mobile operating system, including hardware, an application store and software applications.
Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-09-25 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.