Section 171(7)

It is also a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (5) to prove that— the person acted in the reasonable belief that the processing was lawful, the person acted in the reasonable belief that the person— had the consent of the controller responsible for de-identifying the personal data, or would have had such consent if that controller had known about the processing and the circumstances of it, or the person acted— for the special purposes, with a view to the publication by a person of any journalistic, academic, artistic or literary material, and in the reasonable belief that in the particular circumstances the processing was justified as being in the public interest.

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Source: legislation.gov.uk · retrieved 2026-09-04