4.1. Projected evolution of main exogenous factors influencing energy system and GHG emission developments

Macroeconomic forecasts (GDP and population growth) Sectoral changes expected to impact the energy system and GHG emissions Global energy trends, international fossil fuel prices, EU ETS carbon price Technology cost developments

← 4. CURRENT SITUATION AND PROJECTIONS WITH EXISTING POLICIES AND MEASURES Current situation shall reflect the date of submission of the national plan (or latest available date). Existing policies and measures encompass implemented and adopted policies and measures. Adopted policies and measures are those for which an official government decision has been made by the date of submission of the national plan and there is a clear commitment to proceed with implementation. Implemented policies and measures are those for which one or more of the following applies at the date of submission of the integrated national energy and climate plan or the integrated national energy and climate progress report: directly applicable European legislation or national legislation is in force, one or more voluntary agreements have been established, financial resources have been allocated, human resources have been mobilised. The selection of exogenous factors may be based on the assumptions made in the EU Reference Scenario 2016 or other subsequent policy scenarios for the same variables. Besides, Member States specific results of the EU Reference Scenario 2016 as well as results of subsequent policy scenarios may also be a useful source of information when developing national projections with existing policies and measures and impact assessments. · All articles · i. →

Source: EUR-Lex (Cellar) · retrieved 2026-10-28 · Text as adopted (Official Journal); later amendments are not incorporated in this text.